When I write an article the images always have file names that match the content of the image and an important keyword of the article. The alt attributes are more detailed because they provide information to screen readers.
I believe that the names of your image files and the alt attributes are small optimization elements that will help rank a page. It might be enough to move you up a position or two if you are deep in the SERPs, but if you are in a battle for the top three for a competitive term then authority is going to be far more important than the sum of the small optimization elements.